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Objective@#To search new prognosis-related genes in gastric cancer by analyzing the high-throughput sequencing data of gastric cancer in TCGA database, and then provide data support for future studies. @*Methods@#The RNA-seq expression matrix data and patient-related clinical data from 375 gastric cancer tissues and 45 adjacent noncancerous tissues were downloaded from the TCGA database. The data were collated and standardized based on the R language. The difference of gene expression was analyzed by the edgeR and DEseq software packages. The survival analysis of obtained differential genes was performed by the univariate and multivariate COX regressions combined with clinical data of patients, and then the genes with clinical significance were screened out. @*Results@#A total of 364 differential genes were obtained by the edgeR and DEseq analysis. Subsequently, the functional enrichment analysis found that these genes were mainly involved in protein digestion and absorption, cytochrome P450 system of drug and exogenous substance metabolism, chemical carcinogenesis, gastric acid secretion and so on. The univariate COX regression analysis showed that FAP, FAT3, PDK4 and ZNF365 genes had significant influences on the prognosis of gastric cancer patients. The multivariate COX stepwise regression analysis showed that the risk model constructed by FAP and PDK4 could predict the prognosis of gastric cancer patients. @*Conclusion: @#FAP, FAT3, PDK4 and ZNF365 genes may be the prognostic markers of gastric cancer, which may provide data supports for future clinical and basic studies.
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Objective To investigate the effect of long term low-dose manganese exposure on testicular spermatogenic cell mitochondria morphology and apoptosis of male offspring rat.Methods Thirty-two healthy female SD rats were divided into the control group,low,middle and high dose groups.2,4 and 8 mg/kg MnCl2 · 4H2 O or normal saline was intraperitoneally injected for 8 weeks(once daily,5 d/week).The manganese exposure continued during the pregnant period and lactation period.Eight 12-week-old offspring male rats were killed in each group,the structure of seminiferous tubules and mitochondria morphology in spermatogenic cells were observed.The expression of Opa1,Drp1 and Caspase9,and the apoptosis of spermatogenic cells were detected.Results With the increase of administered-MnCl2 dosage,the number of spermatogenic cell layers decreased,spermatogenic cells arranged in disorder,the number reduced,etc;the mitochondria separation and swelling of spermatogenic cells were found in the middle and high dose groups;the expression of Opa1 was gradually decreased in the middle and high dose groups(P＜0.05,P＜0.01),while the expression of Drp1 and Caspase9 was gradually increased with the manganese dose increase(P＜0.05,P＜0.01);the apoptotic index of spermatogenic cells in the manganese exposure group was significantly increased with the increase of administeredMnCl2 dosage(P＜0.05).Conclusion Long term low dose of manganese exposure could regulate the expression of Opa1/Drp1 gene and affect the function of mitochondria,leads to apoptosis of spermatogenic cells in male offspring rat.
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Objective To understand the current situation and characteristics of occupational exposure(OE)among health care workers(HCWs),and provide basis for making preventive measures.Methods Self-designed question-naire about OE was adopted,OE among all HCWs in a hospital in January-December 2015 were surveyed and statis-tically analyzed.Results A total of 1888 HCWs were surveyed,there were 304 cases of OE,the mean OE rate in the whole hospital was 16.10%;OE occurred 370 times(19.60%).Doctors,trainees,and HCWs who worked for≤1 year had relatively higher OE rates,which were 23.18%(102/440),17.88%(49/274),and 18.34%(95/518) respectively.Sharp injury is the main OE mode,accounting for 83.24%(n=308),sharp injuries mainly occurred before disposing the used devices and during the process of use,accounting for 37.99%(n=117)and 36.69%(n=113)respectively.Among 370 times of OE,315 could be traced to the sources of exposure.Among the known ex-posure sources,OE of bloodborne pathogens accounted for 24.13% (n=76).59 of 370 times of OE implemented complete local treatment and reporting procedures,reporting rate of OE was 15.95%.Conclusion Hospital should take comprehensive measures to promote occupational safety precaution,and reduce the incidence of OE.
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Objective To compare postoperative pulmonary infection in patients undergoing surgical operation at different surgical opportunities.Methods Patients who underwent surgical operation in a hospital from January to December 2014 were surveyed retrospectively,patients' data were reviewed,patients with postoperative pulmonary infection were compared.Results A total of 20 343 surgical patients were investigated,227(1.12％) had postoperative pulmonary infection.Postoperative pulmonary infection rate in patients undergoing emergency operation was higher than that of selective operation (5.13 ％ vs 0.70 ％,x2 =307.49,P＜0.001).Postoperative pulmonary infection rates in patients undergoing emergency neurosurgical,general surgical,and cardiothoracic surgical operation were all higher than selective operation (all P ＜ 0.001).Among patients with pulmonary infection following emergency operation,the proportion of those who aged ＜60 years,with preoperative irrational antimicrobial use,cardiovascular disease,hypertension,and tracheotomy were all higher than those who received selective operation (all P＜0.05);the proportion of patients with cancer is lower than that of elective surgery patients(P＜0.05).Conclusion Postoperative pulmonary infection rate in patients undergoing emergency operation is higher than selective operation,postoperative pulmonary infection rates in patients undergoing emergency neurosurgical,general surgical,and cardiothoracic surgical operation are high.Patients with cardiovascular disease and hypertension are the focus of protection;for elective surgery,cancer patients are the focus of protection.
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Objective To investigate the effect of chronic low-dose manganese chloride exposure on cell cycle and apoptosis of spermatogenic cells in offspring rat. Methods 32 healthy female SD rats were randomly divided into control and manganese exposure groups(n=8).The manganese exposure group respectively received 2,4 and 8 mg/Kg MnCl2·4H2O,while the control group was treated with equal volume saline for 8 weeks(1 time/d,5 d/w).After mating with normal male SD rats and determining conception,female rats were continued to be ex-posed to manganese during pregnancy and lactation. There were. 8 offspring male rats in each group. In the 12th week,the offspring rates were randomly executed and their testes were used to observe the structure of seminifer-ous tubules by HE staining. The expression of FOXO3A,cell cycle associated proteins P16,P21,CDK2, CDK4,CDK6 and apoptosis related proteins BIM,Caspase-9 in the testis of offspring male rats were detected by western blotting. In addition,the apoptosis of spermatogenic cells was detected by TUNEL. Results(1)With the increase of administered-MnCl2 dosage,the seminiferous tubule showed various changes,including layers of spermatogenic cell decreased,spermatogenic cells arranged in disorder,the number of mature sperm in the lumen of seminiferous tubule significantly reduced.(2)The expression of FOXO3A,P16 and P21 increased while CDK2 and CDK4 decreased gradually with the increase manganese exposure dose. CDK6 expression was not significantly changed in all groups.(3)The expression of BIM,Caspase-9 and apoptotic index of spermatogen-ic cells increased gradually with the increase of manganese dose. Conclusion Chronic low-dose of manga-nese exposure could induce expression of FOXO3A,further cause cell cycle arrest and apoptosis of spermatogen-ic cells in offspring rat.
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Objective To investigate the correlation between the indicators of common carotid artery mechanical dynamics, a circumferential wal tension (CWT) and a shear stress (SS), and cerebral smal vessel disease (SVD). Methods The neurological outpatients without obvious cardiovascular disease were enrol ed consecutively. The inner diameters of carotid arteries and blood flow velocity of the patients w ere measured by ultrasound examination, and their CWT and SS w ere calculated. Lacunar infarction and/or leukoaraiosis w ere determined according to the findings of MRI. Results A total of 296 patients w ere enrol ed, 163 of them had lacunar infarction and 132 had leukoaraiosis. Univariate analysis show ed that there w ere significant differences in the distributions of age, hypertension, diabetes, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, CWT, and SS betw een the lacunar infarction group and the non-lacunar infarction group, as wel as between the leukoaraiosis group and the non-leukoaraiosis group (al P<0.05). After adjusting for relevant risk factors, multivariate logistic regression analysis show ed that the peak systolic CWT (odds ratio [OR] 3.60, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.48-8.30) and end diastolic CWT (OR 1.22, 95%CI 1.21-1.25) w ere the independent risk factors for lacunar infarction, w hile the peak systolic SS (OR 0.90, 95%CI 0.75-0.95 ) and end diastolic SS ( OR 0.87, 95%CI 0.84-0.98 ) w ere the independent protective factors for lacunar infarction; the peak systolic CWT (OR 4.67, 95%CI 2.05-10.52) and end diastolic CWT (OR 1.25, 95%CI 1.22-1.47) were the independent risk factors for leukoariosis, w hile the peak systolic SS (OR 0.93, 95%CI 0.75-0.94) and end diastolic SS (OR 0.91, 95%CI 0.85-0.98) w ere the independent protective factors for leukoaraiosis. Conclusions The common carotid artery mechanical stress w as associated w ith the occurrence of SVD.
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Objective: To discuss the importance of pharmaceutical care in anti-infective treatment for one patient with severe pneumonia and renal insufficiency performed by clinical pharmacists. Methods: Clinical pharmacist participated in evaluating and changing the anti-infective treatment regimen, adjusted the drug dosage according to the renal function reasonably to avoid adverse drug reactions and completed the medication education and health education for the patient. Results:The infection was controlled effective-ly, gasp was controlled effectively and blood pressure was steady. Conclusion:Clinical pharmacists should monitor the whole treatment process,evaluate the drug regimen comprehensively and reduce adverse drug reaction to the maximum limit during the pharmaceutical care.
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OBJECTIVE:To establish a method for the content determination of ephedrine hydrochloride in Luofu mountain rheumatism plaster. METHODS:HPLC was performed on the column of Eclipse XDB-C18 with the mobile phase of acetoni-trile-0.1%phosphoric acid(9∶91,V/V),at the flow rate of 1.0 ml/min. The detection wavelength was 207 nm,the column tempera-ture was 40 ℃,and the volume was 5 μl. RESULTS:The linear range of ephedrine hydrochloride was 81.6-408 ng(r=0.999 7);RSDs of precision,stability and repeatability tests were lower than 2%;and the average recovery rate was 96.73%(RSD=1.9%, n=6). CONCLUSIONS:The method is fast and accurate,and can be used for the content determination of ephedrine hydrochlo-ride in Luofu mountain rheumatism plaster.
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Objective To investigate the relationship between the expression changes of p-Akt (Ser473),p-Bad (Ser136) and the cell apoptosis in peri-infarction tissue of permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) in rats.Methods Sixty male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly allocated into sham operation,MCAO 3 h,MCAO 12 h,LY294002 intervention MCAO 3 h,and LY294002 intervention MCAO 12 h groups (n =12 in each group).A permanent MCAO model was induced by the modified suture method.At 15 minutes before modeling,the rats in the LY294002 intervention MCAO groups were administered via lateral ventricle.The neurological function score was scored by using Zea Longa method.2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining was used to detect infarct volume.Immunohistochemical staining was use to detect pAkt (Ser473) and p-Bad (Ser136) expressions in peri-infaretion tissue.TUNEL assay was used to detect apoptotic cells in peri-infarction tissue.Results Three hours after modeling all the experimental rats awoke from anesthesia.The neurological deficit score in the sham operation group was 0,and the scores of the MCAO 3 h,MCAO 12 h,LY294002 intervention MCAO 3 h and LY294002 intervention MCAO 12 h groups were 2.25 ± 0.45,2.92 ± 0.99,3.00 ± 0.95,and 3.02 ± 0.36,respectively.There were significant differences among all groups (F =26.520,P =0.000).The score of the LY294002 intervention MCAO 3 h group was significantly higher than that of the MCAO 3 h group (P =0.009).There was no significant difference between the LY294002 intervention MCAO 12 h group and the MCAO 12 h group (P =0.354).TTC staining showed that no infarct was observed in the sham operation group.The infarct volumes of the MCAO 3 h,MCAO 12 h,LY294002 intervention MCAO 3 h and LY294002 intervention MCAO 12 h groups were 23.4 ± 1.4,40.3 ± 1.1,31.9 ±6.0 and 44.4 ±3.8 mm3,respectively.There were significant differences among the groups (F =30.440,P =0.000).The score of the LY294002 intervention MCAO 3 h group was significantly greater than that of the MCAO 3 h group (P =0.002).There was no significant difference between the LY294002 intervention MCAO 12 h group and the MCAO 12 h group (P=0.113).Compared with the sham operation group,the p-Akt (Ser473) expression in peri-infarction tissue in the MCAO 3 h group was significantly high,and it was significantly decreased in the MCAO 12 h group; the expression level of p-Bad (Ser136) showed a progressive decline with the passage of MCAO time,at the same time,the number of apoptotic cells increased progressively.After the LY294002 intervention,the expression levels of p-Akt (Ser473) and p-Bad (Ser136) in peri-infarction tissue decreased significantly at 3 h after MCAO,and the number of apoptotic cells increased significantly (P ＜0.05),but there was no significant effect on each index at 12 h after MCAO.Conclusions The activation of the PI3K/Akt signal transduction pathway in early cerebral infarction and the stress elevation of the key protein p-Akt (Ser473) of this pathway have brain protection,while the failure of this pathway activity and the drastical decrease of its key protein in the late cerebral infarction are associated with brain injury.
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Apoptosis is one of the important forms during cerebral ischemia.Phosphoinositide-3 kinase (PI3K)/serine/threonine kinase (Akt) is the important cell survival signaling pathway,while c-jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) is the important pro-apoptotic signaling pathway.The dynamic equilibrium of the two signal transduction pathways maintains cell survival and apoptosis under the physiological state.Stimulation during cerebral ischemia breaks this physiological balance and results in the apoptosis of massive neurons.A variety of proved neuroprotective factors are associated with the amplification of enhancement of cell survival signal or inhibition of apoptosis signal,and thrus maintain the balance between the two signal pathways.
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Objective To study the antagonism of glutathione(GSH) to antioxidative capacity decrease induced by manganese exposure in rats.Methods 48 healthy male SD rats were randomly divided into six groups: the blank control,GSH control,MnCl2.4H2O(15 mg/kgand 30 mg/kg),15 mg/kgMnCl2.4H2O+1 mmol/kgGSH and 30 mg/kg MnCl2.4H2O+1 mmol/kg GSH,the treatment was conducted through peritoneal injection.The activity of superoxide dismutase(SOD),catalase(CAT) and glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px)in the serumand the testis were determined bycolorimetric analysis.Results Compared with the blank control group,the activity of SOD,CAT and GSH-Px in the serum and testis in 30 mg/kg groups significantly decreased(P
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Objective To study the effect of manganese chloride on apoptosis,p53 and Bcl-2 expression in the spermatogenic cells of rats.Methods 24 healthy male SD rats were randomly divided into three groups.Two groups were treated with MnCl2?4H2O through intraperitoneal injection at 15 mg/kg and 30 mg/kg respectively,once a day and 5 times in a week for four weeks,the third group served as the control and given normal saline.The spermatogenic cell apoptosis was examined by transmission electronic microscope and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling(TUNEL)technique.Expression of p53 and Bcl-2 were measured with immunohistochemistry.Results The apoptosis index(AI)and p53-positive-cell rate in manganese exposed group were significantly higher than those in the control group(P
